This posting is a courtesy to those commenting on turnover and circulating capital in a recent post on Michael Roberts blog.
On the spreadsheet, which is vast, all calculations for the graphs are coloured. to help the reader navigate it.
Addendum. In my haste to post this article I forgot an important point which I have described before and verified with data. The rate of return for low composition industries (so called labour intensive) tends to be higher than the rate for high composition industries (so called capital intensive). This differential has been used to confirm the assumption that the rise in the composition of capital will tend to depress the rate because of the weight of fixed capital. Not so. The ratio of circulating capital to fixed capital tends to be higher in low composition industries and lower in high composition industries. So, when we add back circulating capital it tends to lower the rate of profit in low composition capitals compared to high ones, and to elevate the rate in high composition capitals compared to low ones. Therefore, this contrasting effect tends to align the actual rate of profit between low and high composition industries confirming Marx’s observation of the equalization of the rate of profit. Until the advent of circulating capital, it was held that profit rates diverged not converged. Yet one more reason to stick to the rate of profit based on fixed and circulating capital.
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